Hague Envoy logoU.S. Marshals Form 94, the much-feared Hague Service Request.  It’s just a form to fill out, not unlike a tax return simpler to complete than a Letter Rogatory.

This is the proper form for Article 5 of the Hague Service Convention, so if that isn’t your treaty, move along, because these aren’t the droids you’re looking for.
Continue Reading How to Complete a Form USM-94 Hague Service Request (2024 update)


It certainly wasn’t a slow weekend in global politics.  New Zealand’s exceedingly popular Prime Minister announced his retirement, Austria’s voters barely shunned a return to power by the hard right, and Italians rebuffed an arguably critical spate of constitutional reforms, prompting the resignation of their own popular PM.  So, what to make of these stories

Ours is a small community, this group of lawyers who pay attention to Hague Service Convention cases.*  Last Friday, a big one came down the pike: the Supreme Court has granted Certiorari in Water Splash, Inc. v. Menon, a Texas case in which a defendant was served by mail in Quebec.  Now, Canada doesn’t 

One does not simply walk into Mordor.  Likewise, one does not simply read a treaty and call it good.  In order to ascertain the full scope of an international agreement, you’ve got to dig deeper and look to the reservations a country makes when it signs on to a treaty.

At its core, a treaty

[Author’s note:  this series distills the Convention as it applies to practitioners in the United States—it is not a definitive analysis of the treaty in a broader sense.  Call it a primer, if you will.  Parts One and Two focus on the treaty’s main operative articles, Part Three provides background, and Part Four, which follows

[Author’s note:  this series distills the Hague Service Convention as it applies to practitioners in the United States—it is not a definitive analysis of the treaty in a broader sense.Parts One and Two focus on the treaty’s main operative articles, Part Three, which follows here, provides a good bit of background, and Part Four delves

[Author’s note:  this series distills the Hague Service Convention as it applies to practitioners in the United States—it is not a definitive analysis of the treaty in a broader sense.  Parts One and Two focus on the treaty’s main operative articles, Part Three provides a bit of background, and Part Four delves into articles that

[Author’s note:  this series distills the Hague Service Convention as it applies to practitioners in the United States—it is not a definitive analysis of the treaty in a broader sense.  Parts One and Two focus on the treaty’s main operative articles, Part Three provides pertinent background, and Part Four delves into articles that, while important

[Covid-19 Update, 2020 and beyondService by mail just became an even worse idea… and it hasn’t truly improved much since the pandemic waned.  Signature requirements just aren’t adhered to like they used to be, and even where they are, it’s tough to actually discern who really signed for anything.]

At first glance,

Over the years, I’ve repeatedly had lawyer clients say to me, “I have to serve a defendant in (Country X), but I don’t want to do it through the Hague.  That’s just too much hassle.”

Ahem, sorry, I say to them.  You don’t have a choice in the matter.  But that doesn’t necessarily mean